Regulations
for High Visibility Safety Apparel (HVSA)
In India BIS 15809 standard is developed indigenously by taking considerable assistance from EN 471: 1994 'High Visibility warning clothing
BIS 15809 certified safety workwear keeps employees safe while they concentrate on work. The employees will be visible at night, during the day, and from all angles, including from the rear where it is impossible for them to see. With the right BIS 15809 / EN ISO 20471 safety workwear, neither reflectors nor the fluorescent material will be hidden by blind angles.
The 3 Components of Hi-Vis Clothing
high-visibility clothing regulations for the design and performance of each element of a garment. There are usually three main components:
1. The fluorescent material
This boosts visibility during daylight hours and can also increase visibility at night.
2. The reflective strips
These are designed to enhance visibility during the darker hours of the day. Reflective strips require a light source to work and create retro-reflection. They are essential for those working at night.
3. The contrast material
Some hi-vis clothing is designed with darker-coloured parts that are less sensitive to dirt than the fluorescent material and reflective strips, without which the functionality would diminish. The areas covered with the contrast fabric tend to be where dirt is most likely to build up — for example, the sleeve ends and across the abdomen on hi-vis fleeces and jackets, and the ankle and knee sections of hi-vis work trousers and waterproof trousers.
Classifications
Types
Types - High visibility warning clothes are of two
Types depending on the colour for background and combined performance materials:
a) Type I - Fluorescent yell ow - Green with a Minimum Luminance of the fabric 0.76
b) Type 2 - Fluorescent orange - Red with a Minimum Luminance of the fabric 0.40.
Classes
Each type of high visibility warning clothing are classified based on the level of conspicuity as follows:
Class 1
For use in occupational activities that permit full and undivided attention to approaching traffic.
Class 1 high-visibility clothing can be used in situations with a low risk of collisions and accidents. Class 1 high- visibility clothing is not suitable for work on public roads, but is suitable for work in full or partial daylight within a company’s premises. Maximum traffic speed 30 km/h.
Class 1 Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities
a) permit full and undivided attention to approaching traffic .
b) provide ample separation of the worker from conflicting vehicle traffic.
c) permit optimum conspicuity in backgrounds that are not complex . and
d) involve vehicle and moving equipment speeds not exceeding40kmlh
Examples of Workers in Class 1
i) Workers dire cting vehicle operators to parking/service areas
ii) Workers retrieving shopping carts from parking areas
iii) Workers exposed to hazards of warehouse equipment traffic
iv) Roadside maintenance workers
v) Delivery vehicle drivers
Minimum Areas of retroreflective Material per garment : 3.9 Mtrs of 25 mm width band / 1.97 mtrs of 50 mm width band
CLASS 2
For use in occupational activities where users require greater visibility for inclement weather conditions, activities on or near roadways with higher traffic levels.
Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities where risk levels exceed those in Class I. such as where:
a) greater visibility is desired during inclement weather conditions.
b) complex backgrounds are present.
c) workers are performing tasks which divert attention from approaching vehicle traffic.
d) vehicle of moving equipment speed s exceed 40 km/h, and
e) work activities take place in or in near proximity to vehicle traffic .
Examples of Workers in Class 2
i) Roadway construction workers
ii) Utility workers
iii) Survey crews
iv) Railway workers allow risk areas
v) School crossing guards
vi) High-volume parking personnel
vii) Toll gate personnel
viii) Airport baggage handlers & ground crew
ix) Emergency response personnel
x) Law enforcement personnel
xi) Accident site investigators
Minimum Areas of retroreflective Material per garment : 2.6 Mtrs of 50 mm width band
CLASS 3
For use in high-risk occupations when workers are exposed to highs peed traffic , or a wide range of weather conditions.
Conspicuity level for use in occupational activities where risk levels exceed those in Class 2, such as where:
a) workers are exposed to traffic speeds exceeding 80 km/h,
b) pedestrian worker and vehicle operator have high task
loads. clearly placing the pedestrian worker in danger. and
c) the worker must be conspicuous through the full range of body motions at a minimum of 390 m( I 280 feet). and must be identifiable as a person.
Examples of Workers in Class 3
i) Roadway construction workers
ii) Utility workers
iii) Survey crews
iv) Emergency response personnel
v) Railway workers at high risk areas (working on track such as gangman, track machine staff, night patrol man. gatekeeper etc.)
Minimum Areas of retroreflective Material per garment : 3.9 Mtrs of 50 mm width band
No Of wash cycles and Retroreflectivity
The retroreflective material shall be washed for a minimum of 50 washing cycles as in accordance with IS 15370 using Type A washing machine and the minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection (cd.lx' .m') for Retroreflective Material : 330 CD.lx
Garment Design/Ensemble
The design requirements set out in the standard EN ISO 20471:2013 maintains a three-class system for garments, which is based on minimum areas of visible high-visibility materials present in a garment, whereby class 3 garments provide the highest level of conspicuity.The standard also permits this performance class to be met by specifying a single garment or an ensemble – for instance, a class 2 jacket and a class 2 pair of trousers might be combined and certified as a class 3 ensemble. Where an ensemble is specified, this will be deemed to meet the requirements of the standard only when the supplier provides clear instructions on how the classification has been achieved.A class 3 garment is required to cover the torso and have sleeves with reflective bands or/and trouser legs with reflective bands.The area of background or retroreflective material that is covered by badges logos, lettering etc shall be excluded from the calculation of the required minimum area (unless these additions meet the requirements).Garments covering legs – for instance, waistband and bib and brace trousers, and shortsBib & Brace trousers can no longer meet Class 3 as they do not cover the torso. They no longer need to have a torso band.Garments covering torso and legs – including coveralls without sleeves
Garments covering torso, arms and legs – for example, coveralls with sleeves.Clothes in class 1 or 2 can be combined to obtain class 3.It will be specified on the CE-label in your high visibility garment. Check the labels to safely choose the right class and combination for the proper protection your work requires.The symbol indicates that the garment is certified and approves to EN ISO 20471. The number next to the symbol shows the class. All reflective tape are in the highest category referred to as category 2 in en iso 20471.The new standard requires that high visibility garments are tested after washing.This will increase your safety, and ensures the same protection after, as well as pre wash.All three high visibility colours: yellow, orange and red, pass the high demands of the EN ISO 20471 standard. The contrast colour can be any colour as long as it passes the EN ISO 20471 test and is not bleeding or decreases the protection of the fabric after wash.EN 1150